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Top tips for anyone with two British passports

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We recently published a guide to getting a second British passport for business reasons (click here) written by reader Chris. It is a helpful overview of the application process and rules and proved very popular.

After that article was published, another reader – Ross – reached out with some of his top tips for holders of two British passports. As you will see below Ross has extensive experience of holding two passports. It makes a good companion piece to Chris’ article so we thought it was worth sharing.

Over to Ross:

“I work for a UK-based multi-national company. My work takes me to many of our global markets, some of which are in tricky parts of the world. Aside from the hiatus caused by the pandemic, I also travel the Europe almost weekly to oversee the teams for whom I am directly responsible.

Top tips for anyone with two British passports

Submitting a passport for complex visas can take days or even weeks, and the lack of certainty about when it could be returned can be a problem. My travel pattern also risks my work travel to sensitive areas making some other work trips (and future leisure trips) more complex. For both of these reasons I have held, and renewed, two concurrent British passports for the past fifteen years.

When I read Chris’ comprehensive article on the application process, I thought it might be useful to add some of the “dos and don’ts” that I have learnt for living with two passports over the past decade and a half. After all, the consequences of getting things wrong can be quite serious.

Is a second passport even legal?

As Chris pointed out, the ability to hold to concurrent British passports is not widely advertised. While in my business it is quite a common practice, the impression I get is that HM Passport Office has no desire for the holding of concurrent passports to become commonplace. It seems to want to maintain the procedure as a discretionary exception.

One downside of this approach is that the most common response that you will receive from people who discover that you have two British passports is almost universally: “Is that legal?” Many major countries do not offer the ability to hold concurrent passports, and while they understand that somebody may hold concurrent passports from different jurisdictions due to multiple citizenships, there is much less understanding about holding multiple British documents.

This is not a problem in the context of a light-hearted conversation at a Chipping Norton dinner party. It is a significant problem if you are trying to convince an angsty Kyrgyz border guard that you are not a spy in the small hours of the morning. This problem is exacerbated as there is no obvious official website or guidance from the UK government to show on your phone that explains that this situation is legal.

For this reason, there are a number of tips that will make your life significantly more pleasant.

Always exit and enter with the same passport

The golden rule of travelling with two passports is never to swap them while in a foreign jurisdiction. You should always enter and exit a country on the same passport. Entering and exiting on different British passports can lead to significant legal issues.

Exiting on a different passport – if it is not picked up on the border as you exit – can mean that you are never recorded as having left the country, and are recorded as overstaying your visa. This can lead to issues up to and including criminal investigation the next time you enter or transit the country. It is especially important that you have tight passport discipline at major transit hubs, especially when stopovers (and thus border crossings) are involved – i.e. a brief stopover in Dubai.

Those I know who have fallen foul of this rule have generally found it very difficult to correct the situation, and it has led to significant and long-lasting issues at major travel hubs. The UK government and its consulates are not always very supportive in such situations, on the basis that travelling with multiple concurrent British passports rather undermines the case for you needing multiple passports in the first instance.

Try not to travel with both documents at all

If at all possible, never travel with more than one British passport. It raises suspicions and risks among border guards and overseas authorities, it undermines the case for holding multiple passports and it increases the potential for confusion.

Replacing a lost second passport is also more complex than replacing a lost single passport. The HM Passport Office systems are all built to deal with single passport-holders, and sometimes struggle with even that.

There will, of course, be situations in which you need to travel with both documents. When I was assigned overseas for more than twelve months,  I took both with me – the second passport in a sealed envelope among papers in my hand-luggage, which then lived in the safe in my apartment unless I needed it.

Have a passport strategy

There is no theoretical limit why you could not have more than two British passports, although the burden of proving necessity would be high. Even if you only hold two, things can get very complex very quickly, so it is important to have a passport strategy. Here is mine:

  • I applied for my second passport half-way through the 10-year validity of my existing passport. This is because renewals – which involve another letter from our Company Secretary or C-Suite – come around only every five years.

  • I always apply for jumbo passports, with 48 rather than 32 pages. This is partly because I don’t want to fill a passport up with stamps (more common after Brexit) and thus break the cadence above, but also because if you are genuinely a frequent traveller, it would seem incongruous to order a thin one.

  • One of my passports is my “primary” or default passport. I use this everywhere I possibly can for most normal travel. This is the passport that is registered in my account with airlines, and the one I carry with me most of the time. For this reason, it also holds most of my e-visas, ESTAs, Global Entry, and similar for the US, Canada, and Australia.

  • The other passport is  my “backup” passport. I use this just for necessities: when I need to submit it for some long-winded visa process, or when I am travelling to some tricky jurisdiction. This one has all my interesting passport stamps in it!

  • I differentiate my passports as much as possible. I have a small red circular sticker on the back cover of my secondary passport, and a small green circular sticker on the back cover of my primary passport. I have different passport photographs in each. This is to avoid picking up the wrong document and ending up unable to fly, or in hot water with immigration authorities.

  • Other people who book travel on my behalf (my wife, my PA) know about the situation, and know that the default passport should be used in almost all cases.

Having a second British passport is not cheap. You are obviously doubling your application and renewal fees, and if you need to apply for ESTAs or similar on multiple passports, it can quickly add up. Nor is it a process that is without risk.

The ideal scenario for any traveller is simplicity, so perhaps in a perfect world a second passport would be a contingency that you never need. However, with the tips above it can be a very useful tool for the frequent traveller when used wisely.

Comments (99)

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  • Alex Sm says:

    Through painful personal experience I also find out that the BA systems can only deal with one passport number at a time. And once you enter the details of your passport, it wouldn’t show you which details it has on the system and it does not take into account expiry dates. In other words, it got me into trouble once or twice by blocking online check ins and not being able to immediately rectify the issue or use other passport. So beware of BA systems!

    • astra19 says:

      I had this experience too with my two passports. For a couple of years I ended up always having to check in at the airport because it did not like the constant passport number switching!

  • Lelly says:

    I worked for an American with three passports, all consistently on rotation in embassies for visas. He was also advised by company security not to have the larger passports, in the likelihood a plane was hijacked the holders of thicker passports were considered to be a bigger bargaining chip than the ordinary Tom, Dick and Harry.

  • rotundo says:

    Does the advice to “enter and exit with the same passport” apply when travelling with passports from different countries? I have 3 citizenships and passports, including an EU passport. So I use the EU passport when entering the EU, and the UK passport when coming back to the UK, this way I don’t need any advance planning. Could this cause problems?

    • Joe says:

      Yes. In the EU the border guard at the exit would expect to see your entry stamp in your U.K. passport, otherwise they may think it’s because of overstaying.

      • sayling says:

        Isn’t it about entering and exiting on the same passport, rather than using a passport for a leg of travel, though?

        For example, my brother leaves Canada on his Canadian passport, but enters the UK on his UK passport. When he returns, he leaves the UK on his UK passport but enters Canada on his Canadian passport.

      • Niklas Smith says:

        Why would the EU border guard want to see the EU entry stamp on your UK passport if you both enter and exit the EU on your EU passport?

        • Joe says:

          Ah to be clear, I meant if you’d entered on an EU passport and exited with a U.K. one.

    • Dave says:

      I do this on Eurostar. On planes with API I thought it might cause confusion. Am I wrong? Arrive in the EU on EU passport, leave on same. Present British passport in Heathrow on the return. Presumably you would enter the EU passport details on the API screen on Manage my Booking?

      • John says:

        AFAIK, currently the UK and EU don’t match API to immigration control, so it doesn’t really matter what is in your API as long as the airline or train lets you board.

        However, the US and Australia do match it up, so your API must contain the details of the passport you will use to enter (although if you’re a citizen they can’t refuse entry no matter what once you arrive, it’s more important for non-citizens).

        Eurostar doesn’t need a passport to check in but they collect your passport details when departing the UK for the UKBF to match to UK entries. So ideally you would present the passport used to enter the UK when departing by train, but it doesn’t really matter.

        A problem would only arise if you somehow enter the UK with a foreign passport (because your British passport is elsewhere), and then subsequently try to enter the UK again with that foreign passport without a corresponding exit being recorded in between.

        • Dave says:

          Thanks John, how do Eurostar know? I’m pretty sure they don’t have API and they only check tickets. Unless do the French border tell them as you pass through?

    • Max says:

      Yes, I had this issue recently. Entered the EU on my EU ID card. Left to return to the UK on my British passport. I could see the border control lady’s increasing confusion as she struggled to find the entry stamp…

      • AD says:

        But that is because you need to exit French controls with you ID card, and then present your British passport to the UK control

    • AD says:

      The comment from Joe is not correct. I also have 3 citizenships and have been travelling extensively with all three passports for over a decade. You do not have to use only one passport for the whole trip. But rather, you have to enter an exit each country in the trip with the same passport. For example, a trip between the UK and EU, I enter and exit the EU country with my EU passport, and then enter the UK with my British passport. Another example, for complicated reasons I have a US visa in my EU passport. When I travel between the UK and the US, I enter and exit the US with my EU passport, and then enter the UK with my UK passport. I never had nay problems with airline APIs and I crossed borders hundreds of times.

  • Panda Mick says:

    Fantastic insight…

    Regarding “angsty Kyrgyz border guard”… I’ve never met any other type. And wait until you enter the protected area in the south of the country that borders China: Borderline paranoid

    • Kavajo says:

      Surely you are a spy… did you find lots of interesting things to photograph in the south of Kyrgyzstan?

  • froggitt says:

    How about an article on holding two passports from different countries e.g. a UK one and an EU one? eg Are there any issues with tax etc

    • Paul says:

      I have a friend in Oz with both Irish and Oz passports. He frequently leaves Oz on the Oz passport and enter the EU on his Irish passport. Indeed his kids also have Eu passports giving them more rights than I have to travel, work, live or retire in the EU and have never left OZ.
      Tax is not about which passport you hold but where you are resident

      • froggitt says:

        Tell that to the US of A!

        • D says:

          Actually it’s still not about having a passport even in the case of the USA.

        • Niklas Smith says:

          Indeed, as far as I know the only two countries who insist that their citizens pay tax regardless of residence are the USA and, er, Eritrea…

          • Rob says:

            I though North Korea did it too?

          • AJA says:

            Actually the UK insists upon it too. The caveat being if you have already paid tax on income earned in another country you don’t have to pay UK income tax on it as well. Hence double taxation treaties. What you shouldn’t do is not pay tax anywhere. That is called tax evasion. A similar problem recently for Mrs Sunak and her non-dom status, it wasn’t clear whether she was paying taxes on her dividends earned via her shareholding in daddy’s company particularly as that income was being spent in the UK.

          • Alan says:

            Yep, exactly. ‘No taxation without representation’, oh wait a minute…

          • RussellH says:

            ‘No taxation without representation’ was just a slogan. After a couple of months living in the USA I had learned that the ‘without representation’ bit was just for UK consumption. All they actually cared about was the taxation.

          • John says:

            Sorry but AJA is not correct. Firstly yes, all US citizens and green card holders must pay tax no matter where they live. As for Eritreans and North Koreans, you either escape and don’t intend to return in which case your tax affairs are irrelevant, or you are outside the country with the permission of the government and I expect you pay whatever tax you are told to, or are able to bribe your way out of paying.

            Regarding the UK, everyone tax resident in the UK must pay tax on worldwide income and gains, but generally everyone not tax resident in the UK only needs to pay UK tax on UK income and gains, regardless of citizenship. Citizenship entitles you to the income personal allowance on your UK income tax when not tax resident in the UK.

            Tax residency is different from residence for immigration purposes, and different from what the average person may regard as actual residence (though this “average person’s” view can sometimes be used in determining tax residence). Furthermore, it differs slightly between different taxes, for example for CGT, if you are “temporarily non-resident”, you must still pay CGT on UK gains made while you were non tax resident if you resume tax residence later. And if you want to escape the UK IHT regime then you can’t just leave the UK for good on the day before you die (even if you would be regarded as ceasing residence for income tax).

            It is absolutely possible to be not tax resident anywhere in the world. If all your income comes from sources in countries that do not tax non-residents on those sources, you are quite legally not paying tax anywhere. But many countries have complex rules for example the UK has “transfer of assets abroad” legislation which generally tries to tax any capital that you moved out of the UK in an attempt to avoid UK tax.

            But it’s probably easier to just choose a low-tax base country than spending a lot of effort to have no permanent home anywhere, constantly moving and keeping up to date with tax policy changes.

          • Bagoly says:

            Belarus is also in that exclusive club, although with a rate of 12% the lack on enforcement mechanism doesn’t lead to much missed tax.

          • WaynedP says:

            In the aftermath of ex President Jacob Zuma bankrupting the fiscus, South Africa has also joined the party from April 2020 😎

          • Paolo says:

            And México!

      • SydneySwan says:

        My situation is similar to your friend as I live in Australia and have both Oz and UK passports. I always enter UK / EU on my UK passport and Australia on my Oz passport. Both my sons have both passports as well although they have yet to visit the UK.

        Another reason to juggle passports is different visa requirements / costs. For example when I visited Chile in 2019 I used my UK passport to avoid the reciprocity fee that Chile charges those entering on an AU passport.

        • QFFlyer says:

          Exactly right, and Vietnam for instance, I enter on my UK passport as there’s no Visa requirement (where there is for most other countries).

          Used to be helpful for Bali actually, as they used to be VOA for Aussies, so I could stroll past the enormous queue of people on flights from Melbourne/Sydney queueing to get a VOA and just go straight in. That changed a few years ago, of course.

  • Paul says:

    In the early 90’s I travelled extensively for work and had two passports. One remained in the office for visa applications while I travelled on the other and switched when I got back. All went well for many years till I was posted to major Asian country. This required a proper work and residency visa but I was needed immediately in country and so I travelled on one passport as a tourist while my application was processed in London. Oh dear!!!
    I had been there a week getting familiar with things and at 4:30pm on the Friday the office got a very polite call from immigration advising that they knew of my presence and visa application. I was given 24 hours to leave and no more would be said. I complied in less than 4hrs and indeed nothing more was said. I spent 2 weeks effectively on holiday in the New World Harbour View Hong Kong and took a side trip to Beijing my first to that city. I recall cycling into The Forbidden City.
    I returned to country with correct documentation 2 weeks later and was there for almost 3 years.

    • KK says:

      normally you’re not meant to be in that very country whilst you’re applying for a (new) visa. Cuz you’re not exactly being straight with why you are in that very country.

  • Ang says:

    Many thanks for the informative article, like with most things prevention is better than cure!

  • DZOO says:

    Re-reading the original article: do you need a supporting letter to renew your “first” passport (or indeed “second” if the first has lapsed/is effectively abandoned) – any recent experience of this? TIA

    • lumma says:

      I was wondering this. If your need for a second passport ends, do you let the first passport expire when it does and just renew the other passport as normal?

      • Simon says:

        One data point from me. My second British passport expired during one of the lockdowns. In December last year I figured the world may open up in 2022 and therefore I lodged an application to renew the expired passport. This went through with just one query from HMPO and my renewed second jumbo passport arrived in January. I have wondered whether having two passports could facilitate 2×90 days in 180 days in the EU, if someone needed that…using passport number 1 for the first 90 day stay, returning to the UK and using passport 2 for the subsequent 90 days.

        • John says:

          No. Just like having 2 passports from 2 countries doesn’t allow you to stay in Schengen “permanently”. But you may be able to get away with it until ETIAS comes in.

          Also pedantic point but you can easily stay in the “EU” indefinitely with just one passport, you need to move between Schengen and Croatia/Cyprus/Romania/Bulgaria every 90 days, as Schengen and each of these countries have their own 90/180 period.

          Furthermore Australia and New Zealand citizens can stay in a selection of Schengen countries for up to 90 days per country regardless of previous time spent in Schengen. An NZ citizen could stay in Schengen for up to 3 years as a tourist, but would be advised to keep records proving exactly where they had been.

          • Elizabeth says:

            I’m interested in know more about this (i.e both your last two paragraphs). Do you know of any helpful websites which go into more detail?

      • Kev says:

        My first passport renewed as normal. I was asked to justify the renewal of my second when it was about to expire.

      • riku says:

        I had the renounce the right to the second passport when I let one of them expire and tried to renew the remaining one. In the earlier story about two passports somebody pointed out that the two passports are not quite the same and HMPO still consider one to be the main passport and the other the “secondary” passport -even though you can only tell the difference by remembering what you did when applying for it years earlier.
        I had probably let my “main” passport expire and was renewing the secondary passport – which made them ask for the letter justifying two passports, even though in my mind I only had one “valid” passport.

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