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British Airways gains 86 weekly Heathrow slots from Flybe – what happens next?

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Back in April 2021, the ‘new’ Flybe Mark 2 picked up 86 weekly Heathrow slots (43 pairs) from British Airways.

These were to be used initially for flights to Aberdeen and Edinburgh, although that later changed.

Last week, with Flybe Mark 2 dead and buried, these slots returned to British Airways. Let’s look at what may happen next.

BMI rescue slots Heathrow

It’s a long story ….

This is one of the longest sagas in UK aviation.  It has been running since 2012 and shows no sign of being concluded for good at any time soon.

The story behind all this goes back to the acquisition of bmi British Midland by British Airways.  The European Commission insisted that British Airways release a number of Heathrow slot pairs to any competitor which wished to begin services on selected routes where bmi competed with British Airways at Heathrow.

The routes with competition concerns were:

  • Aberdeen
  • Edinburgh
  • Nice
  • Cairo
  • Riyadh
  • Moscow

Little Red, Virgin Atlantic’s short haul airline, was the first airline to ask for – and receive – slots.   It used them to fly to Aberdeen and Edinburgh.   Little Red also flew to Manchester but this used spare Virgin Atlantic slots.

When Little Red folded in 2014, the slots returned to British Airways.

Virgin Little Red

The slots were then requested by Flybe Mark 1, again for use on Aberdeen and Edinburgh.

There were two carrots in the rules for whichever airline came in:

  • after one full year of operation, the airline could ask for additional slots from British Airways which could be used on ANY European short haul route as long as not all of the 12 daily slot pairs to be divested had been allocated (this is how Flybe Mark 1 got slots for some of its other Heathrow services)
  • after three full years of operation, the airline could stop serving cities on the prescribed list (ie Edinburgh and Aberdeen, in Flybe’s case) and start serving other European destinations instead

It looks like the second point above had kicked in, because some of the slots returned had been most recently allocated to Newquay, Amsterdam, Newcastle and Belfast. This would imply that the one year and three year clocks had not reset when Flybe Mark 1 went bankrupt and Flybe Mark 2 took on the slots.

BMI Heathrow remedy slots

It is not fully clear what happens now.

The agreement between IAG and the European Commission is here.  I cannot see any obvious reference to it ‘timing out’.

Can another airline still request these 43 weekly slots from British Airways to fly to Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Nice, Cairo, Riyadh or Moscow? Or, 11 years on, is this finally over with British Airways finally allowed to keep the slots and use them for whatever it wants (and pocket an attractive windfall, given their value)?

It also isn’t clear how the ‘use it or lose it’ rule will be applied here. Even if BA starts flying each slot between now and the end of the Winter season in late March, will they hit the 80% utilisation target to avoid it being forfeited? With no Flybe flights for the last three weeks, the slots have been unused for over 10% of the current flying season and who knows if Flybe had been running them all at 100% capacity before that?


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Comments (89)

This article is closed to new comments. Feel free to ask your question in the HfP forums.

  • Will in SJC says:

    Minor point but Little Red didn’t fold the in 2014 it was autumn 2015.

    Though can see how you got the 2014 date as bizarrely VS announced the closure in 2014 (as your article in Oct 2014 confirms!) but it didn’t happen for nearly a year.

  • James Baxter says:

    The ‘use it or lose it’ rule clearly won’t mean Flybe’s time in charge of the slots is aggregated with BA’s to determine 80% usage over the year. BA will surely also get a honeymoon or grace period to set up the flight schedule and get everything up and running.

    What is reasonable? Probably 2-3 months. Which takes us to (say) June 1st.

    So I would think that the 80% rule will simply be pro-rated and tested over June-December.

    • The Original David says:

      Hasn’t the rule been suspended for this winter season anyway? Restarts from 26th March last I heard.

      • Ken says:

        Indeed.

        It’s currently 70% and goes to 80% from 26th March.

        The idea that BA’s numbers would be simply aggregated with FlyBe, or not allowed some kind of honeymoon period is bizarre.

    • BA Flyer IHG Stayer says:

      The use/lose rule follows the summer and winter seasons so basically April – October and November to March respectively (technically the last weekends in March and October are the change over dates)

      The calculations don’t cross over from one season to the next,

      • James Baxter says:

        I knew that 🙂 – somehow slipped my mind. (Even though it’s mentioned in the article, I missed it, obviously not enough coffee earlier on.)

  • Steve says:

    My hope is that with Moscow and Cairo on that list, that the ruling will be looked at as no longer valid for this era. Flybe sold their Aberdeen Gatwick slots off in 2014 as they claimed they weren’t viable (if you can’t make London to Aberdeen work that speaks volumes) so the “competition” has always jacked it in.

    However, it would be nice if say Loganair picked something up for Scotland.

    • Neil says:

      Aberdeen-Gatwick I think would work now , allowing us up here to connect onto the large number of BA leisure flights now departing from Gatwick.

  • Charles Martel says:

    Do BA have the aircraft to operate the slots? An archive of the BA wiki page shows the fleet has fallen from 276 in March 2019, to 261 today.

    • MT says:

      That was my first thought, they already have to lease aircraft to fly all their routes currently. I wonder if some sort of deal within IAG may occur to allow their usage.

      I get feeling BA would be operating more longhaul as it is if they could, but just don’t have the aircraft or possibly the crew to!

      • Charles Martel says:

        If they can’t get IAG to use the spots they might have to transfer EuroFlyer routes from Gatwick, which you’d think might antagonise the unions… Unless they try and make the Flybe routes work by leasing planes from the administrators and putting their own marketing and codeshares behind it. It’ll be interesting.

    • John G says:

      They possibly have the aircraft but probably not the crew!

    • Matarredondaaa says:

      Interestingly BA are wet leasing 4 aircraft from Finnair for 12 months starting in March so maybe these will be the aircraft to cover these slots?

  • Startupflyer says:

    Could a star alliance affiliated airline try pick these up? The lack of regional feeders for T2 is a big gap.

  • Stevek1 says:

    Think you mean Belfast …. Not Birmingham

    • ECR says:

      Yes, I think Flybe were flying LHR-BHD not LHR-BHX.

      I think one thing we can be sure of is that BA will not be using the slots for direct flights from Heathrow to Birmingham. Mind you if they did, they would probably need a very big Club Europe cabin to meet the demand of tier point runners.

      • Andrew Beaumont says:

        I would love BA to do BHX to LHR. Not sure it’s possible though. Journey might be too short?

        • Stuart says:

          I’m genuinely surprised they don’t do Cardiff, especially with the maintenance base there. A night stopper could get some TLC

  • Richie says:

    easyJet could probably succeed in time with some Skyteam and Star Alliance codeshares and A321 aircraft.

    • SamG says:

      I’m surprised Easyjet doesn’t give it a go, at least the Scottish routes. They’ve got a base in Edinburgh and they do already nightstop in Aberdeen so could figure out crew/aircraft rotation there too I’m sure. They could also do Nice quite successfully I’m sure though Air France are flying this too nowadays

      • Matarredondaaa says:

        Are you sure they night stop in Aberdeen?
        They certainly used to do so but read a couple of years ago they were stopping doing so on cost grounds.

    • SamG says:

      Easyjet can’t codeshare in the traditional sense easily as they’re a ticketless airline. It also wasn’t very good business for bmi carting around other airlines passengers for very small amounts of money. Maybe some opportunities via their worldwide setup otherwise would need to work as a standalone route I think

    • BA Flyer IHG Stayer says:

      Heathrow is too expensive for Easy to want to use it.

      Also connections aren’t part of their business model and they add costs and complexity.

      Now if a ST airline wanted to contract them then that would be a different kettle of fish.

      • SamG says:

        Easyjet aren’t a particularly cheap airline these days on trunk routes at peak times, they could sustain the fares to make it worthwhile I think.

        Since covid BA charge an absolute fortune for peak domestic flights and they’re often very full. I would say there is enough demand to cream off the P2P traffic without worrying about connections

        I doubt it would happen though !

  • Dan says:

    With virgin joining skyteam the lack of any SH network is probably now a bit of a pain for members, they would probably like someone to fly members to Scotland, Ireland- although they do have AMS not far away.

    • jjoohhnn says:

      Maybe Virgin could wetlease KLM to fly domestic for them? Not sure if that is possible under the licensing? With AMS becoming more constrained, KLM may end up with excess fleet / crew, so could be a good use for them.

      • vlcnc says:

        As an EU airline they can’t operate in the UK domestically anymore without setting up a British subsidiary with planes registered with the CAA here. We’d have to see the return of KLM uk.

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