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Big win for BA and Virgin Atlantic as transit passengers exempted from ETA permits

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Regular readers will know about the disaster (for British Airways, in particular) of the launch of the Electronic Travel Authorisation programme.

The ETA scheme forces most people visiting the United Kingdom who do not require a visa to apply for entry permission in advance of travel. It is rolling out in stages, with the final phase for EU residents launching on 2nd April.

There is, in itself, nothing wrong with this. However, the previous Government insisted that transit passengers must pay it too.

UK Electronic Travel Authorisation

This caused a major problem for the airlines using Heathrow, and to a lesser extent Manchester. These are the only UK airports which allow passengers to transit.

Tourists heading elsewhere were choosing not to travel through Heathrow, and so not travel with British Airways and Virgin Atlantic, because:

  • they had to pay a £10 per person fee for the ETA
  • they had to fill in all the paperwork required to receive an ETA
  • they had to take a small risk that their ETA may be refused after a flight had been booked

…. purely for the ‘privilege’ of changing aircraft at Heathrow.

Frankfurt, Paris and Amsterdam suddenly looked far more attractive places to transit.

The Government has now seen sense

In an announcement slipped out quietly yesterday, the Government has decided that transit passengers will no longer need to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorisation.

Heathrow’s chief executive, Thomas Woldbye, said:

“The removal of airside transit passengers from the ETA scheme is the right decision and we welcome it.

“This is a critical move to ensure Heathrow and the aviation industry as a whole can continue to deliver for everyone who depends on our world-leading connectivity.

“It shows that the government is listening to industry concerns and is willing to make the necessary changes to strengthen the UK’s competitiveness and drive economic growth.”

The Government isn’t prepared to see any loss of income, however. The ETA fee for everyone else is being hiked from £10 to £16 per person, adding £64 to the cost of a UK visit for a family of four. Even babies have to receive an ETA.

Richard Toomer, Executive Director of the Tourism Alliance, said:

“It is staggering that the Government has taken the decision to further increase the costs for tourists visiting the UK especially in light of its ambition to grow inbound tourism numbers and deliver economic growth.

“This is especially a kick in the teeth for our European visitors that just as they are required for the first time ever to apply for advance permission to travel to the UK, the cost for doing so has been put up by 60%. 

“Even before this hike to £16 per person, ETA was already an additional cost for travellers, and crucially uncompetitive against to the EU’s own forthcoming travel authorisation scheme (ETIAS) both in terms of cost (€7 vs £16), validity period (three years for an EU ETIAS vs two years for a UK ETA) and in terms of the exemptions. The Government has just made matters worse.

“The Government recently announced a target to grow our inbound tourism to 50m visitors by 2030 up from 38m in 2023. Hitting that target will not happen if the Government keep viewing tourists simply as a cash cow. Tourists make decisions in a competitive global marketplace. We are already 113th out of 119 countries for price competitiveness. We need the Government to help address that challenge, not compound it.”

Who is exempt from an ETA?

Everyone entering the UK (but no longer everyone in transit through the UK) will require an ETA unless they have:

  • a British or Irish passport
  • permission to live, work or study in the UK
  • a visa to enter the UK, or
  • are travelling with a British overseas territories citizen passport

Confusingly, Irish residents (non passport holders) are only exempt if they enter the UK from Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands. They will need to apply if entering from any other country.

How long will an Electronic Travel Authority last?

An ETA will last for two years.

However, it is linked to the passport, not the person. If the passport is renewed, a fresh ETA will be required.

Find out more

You can find out more on the ETA website here.

You can read more about the transit passenger exemption here. It isn’t clear if this is effective immediately or if it needs new primary legislation to be passed, which is the case for the fee increase.

Comments (176)

This article is closed to new comments. Feel free to ask your question in the HfP forums.

  • George K says:

    Do you think that will be a good incentive for LGW to reopen the Flight Connections route? It never came back after the pandemic…

  • limiting_factor says:

    Just a note, not mentioned above, the government press release just said the transit exemption was temporary. Obviously doesn’t mean they can’t keep it forever, but also means that can slip it back in without losing face.

    “However, following feedback from the aviation industry, the government has agreed a temporary exemption for passengers who transit airside, and therefore do not pass through UK border control.”

    https://www.gov.uk/government/news/next-steps-for-a-more-efficient-immigration-system

    • Charles Martel says:

      Which is pretty useless, if I think i might be declined the ETA and the government might impose it at any moment would I risk booking a ticket transiting through LHR? This still leaves uncertainty for citizens of higher risk countries.

      • abc says:

        The purpose of the exception is not that people that think they might be declined the ETA can transit through the UK, it’s that people that easily would get an ETA are not discouraged to transfer through the UK by the cost and effort of getting an ETA. Also they won’t reintroduce it without notice in any case.

  • Jan says:

    Isn’t this the same as UK residents need an ESTA to enter the USA and the current cost is $21 for 2 years. I am sure this doesn’t deter people flying to the states

    • CamFlyer says:

      The US does not have airside international transit; a yone touching the US on a flight must clear US immigration and customs. The UK does have airside transit. This policy would have confused things, requiring travelers to have the ETA even if never entering the UK.

    • Aman says:

      Exactly my point. Nothing wrong with all this!

  • NFH says:

    It is misleading to write “It is rolling out in stages, with the final phase for EU residents launching on 2nd April“. It is not based on residency, but on citizenship. This wording implies that a British citizen resident in the EU will need an ETA, which is not true. It also implies that an EU national resident in Switzerland will not need an ETA, which is similarly not true. In fact, it will apply on 2nd April 2025 to all European non-visa nationals, which includes not only EU nationals, but also nationals of the wider EEA, Switzerland, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican.

  • NFH says:

    The other damage being caused to inbound UK tourism is that more than 200 million potential visitors from EU/EEA/CH countries have identity cards but not passports, and the UK ceased accepting them on 1st October 2021, even secure biometric cards, which are similar to passports but without the redundant paper pages. Simon Calder explains this at https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/brexit-european-id-card-tourism-b2514433.html

    The ETA app ought to be amended to read biometric cards, just as the Home Office’s app at https://apps.apple.com/gb/app/eu-exit-id-document-check/id1478914184 can.

    • Scotsman says:

      Happy to be corrected but the EU/EEA/CH doesn’t accept my UK drivers license to enter the country/area, so why should the UK – it would need to be reciprocal at the very least. It’s worth noting children on school trips don’t need a passport to enter the UK.

      Also if half the EU doesn’t have a passport (likely due to not wanting to or affording international travel) I doubt they would spend the higher cost to the UK rather than go to a neighbouring country in their car, even before Brexit made it a bigger challenge and cost.

      • NFH says:

        This is about travel documents (which show one’s nationality such as a passport or national identity card), not driving licences. When the UK was in the EU and issued national identity cards in 2009/10, EU/EEA/CH countries duly accepted them.

      • NFH says:

        As for your second point, it’s not that they don’t want or can’t afford international travel. They don’t want or can’t afford non-European travel. Many non-EU/EEA/CH European countries, particularly in the Balkans, voluntarily accept EU/EEA/CH identity cards. Turkey accepts some but not all.

      • Alexander says:

        You can travel to around 40 European countries with an EU ID Card including countries like Turkey – it has nothing to do with not wanting or affording international travel. The UK also literally is a neigbouring country to some of the largest EU economies.

        • jjoohhnn says:

          What is the point of this additional card they make people have as well as a passport?!

          • NFH says:

            For the same reason that a debit card is easier to carry than a chequebook, a card is far more practical. A card can be carried in a wallet or purse. This is why Ireland started issuing optional passport cards in 2015, but only to those who already have or apply for a passport booklet.

          • Rui N. says:

            Most people simply don’t have a passport. And the ID card is used for all sorts of stuff on your day-to-day life instead of requesting stuff like birth certificates and utility letters for proof of address.

          • Rui N. says:

            For example, in the EU country I come from I got married online with just our ID cards (had a cerimony with the officer, but that’s just for show; the signatures we did there have no legal value. They even gave me a marriage certificate but that was just because we live in the UK). If I want to get divorced, ditto, all can be done online. Going to the GP? Just insert the card when I arrive and no need to talk to anyone or add personal details in the computer for everyone to see.

          • Paul says:

            It confers identity, it allows access to services, and helps limit abuse of services. we could learn a lot. The passport is a travel document to access other countries outwith their own and other progressive countries. Friends of mine in Germany travel extensively across the EU and don’t possess a passport. They simply don’t need it

      • Rui N. says:

        A drivers’ licence is not an ID card like people in the EU have.

    • Londonsteve says:

      Very good point, NFH. It was daft to stop accepting EU ID cards considering until Brexit the UK accepted them and had the infrastructure in place to communicate with the embedded chips to access the biometrics. A ton of EU citizens don’t possess passports because they’ve no need for them. The cost of sourcing passports for a family of four just to visit the UK is generally prohibitive and reduces the target market of potential visitors just at a time when the UK needs more of them to help stimulate the economy. The UK doesn’t even stamp the passports of EU nationals when entering so I’ve no idea why the demand to use passports with paper pages when an ID card fulfils the same function as the photo page of a passport.

  • Peter says:

    That’s what you get when you elect sensible people.

  • Alan says:

    My husband is a Belgian citizen who has been here for 26 years and has ILR but not a UK passport. The Gov’t website is clear that he doesn’t need an ETA, but how will a check-in desk at some remote outstation in, say, India, know that he doesn’t need an ETA?. He is worried that an airline might refuse to board him because they don’t have evidence of his ILR?

    • NFH says:

      The carrier will electronically obtain his permission to travel from the Home Office using iAPI (interactive advance passenger information). Therefore it’s essential that he keeps his Belgian national identity card and passport updated in his UKVI account.

    • jjoohhnn says:

      Presumably you can enter ETA information or identify in the data that you don’t need one, just the same as UK citizens.

      • NFH says:

        No. Passengers will not indicate to carriers whether or not they have or need to have an ETA. They will enter their identity card or passport number in API data, and the carrier will obtain the passenger’s permission to travel via iAPI from the Home Office.

  • TheThird says:

    My problem with electronic authorisations to travel isn’t the fee – that could easily be tacked on to airfares automatically, like any other tax or airport fee.
    My problem is that it presents a backdoor means of denying visa-free travel between countries that otherwise have a visa waiver programme in place.
    Eg… British passport holder who has place of birth listed as Tehran or Moscow or Baghdad etc? Surprise, you’re not eligible for an electronic authorisation to travel to the US or Canada, you have to attend a visa interview at the relevant embassy with all of the admin hassles, costs, and risks that entails. I’m sure the reverse will apply for the European and British schemes.
    All of our details are included on passenger manifests and world governments could easily mine those for security information etc. Introducing this separate authorisation is purely a lazy way of depriving visa free travel to a subset of people who would otherwise be eligible.

    • John says:

      It’s not a “back door” to denying travel, it’s the entire point

    • Pete says:

      They could already do this. People with visa free travel can get boarding permission denied based on the advanced passenger information sent by the airline to the home office

      • GUWonder says:

        Indeed there is already a functionality used whereby a government can use APIS info to kick back a DNB (do not board) indicator to the airline.

    • BBbetter says:

      Better than being interrogated in a cell at the airport.

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