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UK Government bails out Hungary’s Wizz Air with £300m – whilst Virgin Atlantic is turned down

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Doing a bailout quickly and fairly is not possible, unfortunately.  There will always be holes in the system.

As we have covered before, Virgin Atlantic is not able to access the Government’s coronavirus borrowing facility due to a technicality.  Any business which has issued tradeable debt can borrow from it.  Businesses which have not issued tradeable debt cannot.  easyJet has tradeable debt and got £600 millionIHG also took £600 million yesterday despite not needing it.  Virgin Atlantic has no tradeable debt.

Wizz Air has been approved for a soft loan of £300 million

Virgin Atlantic may not be able to borrow from the UK Government, but Hungary’s Wizz Air can.

It has put out a statement to the Stock Exchange stating that the UK Government has given it permission to draw down money from the Bank of England’s Covid Corporate Financing Facility.

The exact amount will depend on Wizz Air’s financial status but, given the F3 rating it holds from Fitch, it should qualify to borrow £300 million at an interest rate of just 0.6%.

I thought Wizz Air didn’t need money?

It doesn’t.

Wizz Air is the financially strongest airline in Europe.  As I mentioned in our Lufthansa article on Saturday, an analyst report from Citi last week estimated that Wizz has enough cash in the bank to survive for 22 months without flying.  This assumes that it repays all outstanding ticket holders IN CASH and continues to pay all of its bills on time.

Wizz Air is borrowing a potential £300 million from the UK Government because it is dirt cheap money.  It has no need for the funding.  The money will, most likely, to be used to repay more expensive bank and bond debt.

How can a Hungarian company borrow £300m at 0.6% from the UK Government?

Companies are allowed to borrow from the Covid Corporate Finance Facility, according to the Bank of England website, if:

In practice, firms that meet this requirement would normally be: UK incorporated companies, including those with foreign-incorporated parents and with a genuine business in the UK; companies with significant employment in the UK; firms with their headquarters in the UK. We will also consider whether the company generates significant revenues in the UK, serves a large number of customers in the UK or has a number of operating sites in the UK. 

Whilst its head office and management team are based in Budapest, Wizz Air is listed on the London Stock Exchange because its domestic stock market is too small and illiquid.  It also has a UK operating subsidiary which is the legal operator of the ten aircraft it bases in the UK.

You can see the Stock Exchange announcement here. 

Given the relatively soft criteria for accessing this money, as long as you have traded debt, Wizz Air may not be the last foreign airline to seek a UK-funded bailout whilst Virgin Atlantic teeters on the brink.

PS.  The UK Government will make a profit on this loan, of course, assuming that Wizz Air survives.  The current 3-year UK Government bond yield is 0.1% so there is a profit to be made by raising money to lend to Wizz Air at 0.6%.

Comments (204)

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  • SAVVYTYKE says:

    This does make sense to me as helping an Airline not owned or partly owned by a billionaire. I am a Branson fan but you can’t have your cake and eat it !

    So if you take advantage of offshore tax havens, btw I’d do that, but I would not then expect to get out the begging bowl for government handouts ! Bit rich that if you’ll pardon the pun !

    It’s like self employed or bank teachers and bank nurses or for that matter many contractors, don’t expect government assistance when you’ve done your best to avoid paying full taxes by say only paying PAYE on immediate pay at minimum wage rates to then take balances by bonus. Btw reference about bank nurses who get paid double as a bank nurse and then work only say 2-3 days per week, either day or night shift.

    All those self employed who paid there fare share if taxes receive financial support. That’s brilliant for them.

    Crying about not getting support from the government when you’ve done your best to avoid paying a fare share of taxes is just not on.

    I have been self employed most of my life and yes I’ve tried to minimise taxes but would not expect anything if I make the decision to not make full tax payments !

    Sure many won’t like the above but it’s Karma just like ‘My Name is Earl’ where a bad person tries to change his ways following a lottery win. Love that concept of Redneck discovering Karma bit of a contradiction there 😂

    • Rob says:

      As you’re self employed, you are getting a £50,000 interest free loan on Monday whether you need it or not. This is on top of the £10,000 of free cash you’re already getting from the Government (assuming you pay business rates).

    • sayling says:

      Define ‘fare’ (sic) share of taxes?

      Employed people don’t pay VAT, Corporation Tax or tax on the dividends of shares they don’t get, do they?

      Those that don’t pay business rates are fairly stuffed at the moment

  • Not Andrew Bailey says:

    Virgin could set up a commercial paper programme to access the Bank funding. The question would then be whether it was rated at investment grade by its existing lenders – I’m guessing that might be too great a hurdle.

    • Rob says:

      The Govt scheme is based on your ‘official’ investment grade on 1st March. That’s the difference. How many airlines are investment grade today?

  • J says:

    I don’t think the French or German government would loan £300 million to a foreign company right now and ignore a domestic company. The UK government doesn’t seem to be getting a lot right at the moment.

    • Marcw says:

      It’s not that foreign. Its more British than you think, so British that they operate with an UK AOC.

      • Heathrow Flyer says:

        The U.K. AOC was just a Brexit insurance policy.

        In terms of jobs Wizzair UK provides sadly very little. Their Luton ‘base’ is actually crewed using cabin crew from other Eastern European bases – all of who do a stint of a few months living in the Ibis at Luton Airport. There’s a Hungarian plated (!) mini-van that shuttles them up to the terminal and back. After a few months of living in the hotel they return back to their home base.

      • Rob says:

        …. for 10 of their 100+ aircraft, and this was only done as a Brexit insurance policy.

      • James H says:

        No marcw, its clearly mainly a foreign company.

        • marcw says:

          It´s as foreign as IAG, for instance.

          • Rob says:

            This is £30m per aircraft that Wizz bases in the UK. The aircraft aren’t even worth £30m!

            I am not actually against this policy in theory. Qantas, for example, employs 600 cabin crew in the UK and has a decent sized office. They are as welcome to support as any other UK business employing 600 people. Wizz employs virtually no-one though, as was explained earlier, as crew are moved here for a short period on Eastern European contracts.

          • J says:

            It’s been shown it very clearly isn’t. Why would you try to claim otherwise?

          • David says:

            marcw is yet to ever admit he’s wrong. Just can’t do it.

          • marcw says:

            I’m not saying you are wrong. What I’m trying to say is that, IAG is as foreign as Wizz Air. I’m not saying they are the same like for like foreign, I know that IAG employees way way more UK staff than Wizz Air (looking at a per plane numbers). But all of BA shares are owned by IAG, which is Spanish company (irrelevant) but their shareholders are in their majority from the UK. Similar to Wizzair UK, it’s fully owned by Wizzair…

  • Paul Hickey says:

    Wizz could use the money to buy virgin (RB’s portion at least) Problem solved. If they are the most profitable airline in Europe, have a UK sub, have 22 months of money then perhaps they can pick up a bargain. Perhaps they can improve Virgins operation as I’m guessing Virgin isn’t close to being a smooth financial operator given recent events….
    O’Leary seems to think Lufthansa are after state money to go and buy up the distressed market, so might be popular thought…

    • J says:

      I don’t think Wizz or Ryanair have the interest or expertise in running long haul. The full service airlines made Norwegian uncompetitive by just tweaking their model with the addition of hand baggage only fares, maybe Ryanair or Wizz could make it work but seems unlikely.

  • Toppcat says:

    A couple of things that are worth remembering
    – this is only one of a number of government schemes. This one is pretty widely available, but if you don’t tick the boxes, then the government can look at a more bespoke package for you – as it is doing with Virgin
    – the point about publicly traded debt, is that if you it then you will have public credit ratings. These go from AAA (the very safest) down to C (basically bust). As long as you are above BB+ you are ‘investment grade’ and thus relatively good credit risk. Obviously these aren’t perfect, but they tend to be a lot better for corporate debt than they have historically been for complex structured products (where everyone was made to look very silly in the last crisis).
    – Publicly traded debt also shows that you also have a track record of raising debt, so there’s a reasonable expectation you will be able to raise debt in the future to repay the money borrowed from the government
    – People may say it is a ‘waste of government money’ but as Rob says, the govt is borrowing at 0.1% and lending at 0.6 %, so making 0.5%pa on every pound lent, which isn’t too bad (obviously assumes no default). I expect (though this is well outside my area of expertise) that the government doesn’t have to account for this lending the way a bank would – by putting capital aside to cover potential losses.

    This scheme is designed to be relatively low-touch from the government’s perspective. Assessing credit risk on companies with no track record of issuing debt and no public coverage is time consuming, skilled work, and there are a lot of companies out there. The ratings agencies have their flaws, but if they say the company is good risk, and there is a market of public investors who show that they agree by investing in the company’s debt, then the government can outsource a lot of that thinking by putting in place the check boxes it has done, and can then focus the time of its limited number of skilled investment personnel on the bespoke packages, like the one being discussed for Virgin.

    • Cam says:

      Agree – this isn’t a ‘bail out’ as generally used, unless one means that any government support program is a bail out. This is a widely available program designed to support businesses on a short term basis. It is state support, but not directed to WizzAir UK as such or targeted at airlines (or any other particular sector).

      • Olly says:

        I would say public perception would be that there are two types of Government financing. Firstly grants and secondly bailouts. I doubt think the public see Governments as investment houses for private business, unless if makes it into nationalisation.

        • Riccatti says:

          What’s happening is neither bailout nor a grant.

          It is more like QE on steroids, but now Government Treasury buying corporate debt (credit) instead of a Central Bank. It make sense for now and surely be the source of growth. Future problem is that such cheap funding not be available.

      • Rob says:

        Arguably, support which isn’t a bailout shouldn’t be given.

        Should every self employed person in Britain really be given £10,000 of free money (as long as they pay business rates) and a £50,000 interest free loan? It seems a bit excessive.

        • Stuart says:

          Actually, there is no need to pay business rates to qualify for the 10k grant. Those in receipt of SBRR and therefore paying no rates at all, get the 10K.

          • Rob says:

            Not quite true. We don’t qualify, for example, because tenants in shared office spaces like Regus, Spaces and WeWork are excluded even though we pay business rates.

          • Charlieface says:

            Surely Wework will get the exemption?

          • Rob says:

            Seemingly not, given that WW has given us templates of appeal letters to send to the council!

        • Will says:

          Agreed, it’s completely arbitrary too, on one hand a shop that’s been forced to close gets £10k which probably won’t cover lost trade and a mail order warehouse gets £10k which could well have seen more trade over the period.

          Also shocked that the government told banks they couldn’t take security on interruption loans. Surely any responsible borrower would be happy to give a personal guarantee/security?

    • Riccatti says:

      On this point, giving money to Wizz who is in cash-safe position is more sound choice than giving it to Virgin Atlantic, who based on their history will spend it on variable costs and sunk investment.

      • Rob says:

        Giving money to people who don’t need it is always a sound choice for the lender but doesn’t do much. My £50,000 interest free grant is going straight into a high interest 1 year bond, at which point I will be paying it back.

        • Kruggs says:

          doesn’t this go against the spirit of the loan? why should I, a taxpayer be funding you to make money on an interest free loan? I’m sure you’ll argue it’s within the rules, in the same way Branson does…

        • Spaghetti Town says:

          are you actually going to be doing that Rob?

          • Rob says:

            What else should I do with it?

          • Ming the Merciless says:

            pay it into ernie, withdraw it, pay it into earnie. You can guess the next step…

          • Spaghetti Town says:

            @ Rob – can you not just turn down the opportunity?

          • Rob says:

            Could do, but as I have lost the £10,000 of free money given to all other small businesses due to the way WeWork filed our business rates, I won’t.

        • Riccatti says:

          Well it would be prudent to take the funds and put it in your account.

          In this regime of financial repression you hardly earn the earnest 1% on the sum. But having money in a bank account might stimulate you to spend / put them to use when you are confident that large invoice payment coming 95% confidence, so you pay someone earlier too.

      • Lady London says:

        Virgin would just inhale £500m and stay the same cash draining basket case.

        Where’s @Ken today btw?

    • Riccatti says:

      P.S. That is exactly what another intra-governmental institution is doing, European Investment Bank — much smaller operation than EBRD and piggybacking on expertise of others, eg, credit rating agencies, co-participating IBs.

      • Lady London says:

        the finance system really is a house of cards isn’t it. No wonder trees fall around the world when a finance leaf twitches. Like 1 payment mussefon a corporate losm or if efforts not to have to report a loss on a credit derivatives portfolio have failed.

        • Riccatti says:

          That is because of the intentional CDO/CDO structure.

          Someone will take 100% loss on the whole tranche even if 4% of borrowers defaulted.

          That’s why default rates on “credit” (corp bonds) above 3% a worrying indicator.

  • Keiths says:

    So, the government will make a profit by lending £300m to what is, effectively, a foreign company by charging 0.6%.
    If that is the case then why do they charge up to inflation PLUS 3%on student loans.
    For transparency I have skin in the game as a mature student and actually have no issue with student loans in principle. But when we compare interest rates something has gone astray.

    • Will says:

      Likewise I’d like to be able to borrow for both mortgage and business loan at 0.6% and am happy to offer security for the full value of the loan.

      It’s outrageous.

      • Rob says:

        On Monday I can borrow £50,000 interest free from the Government under Rishi’s new scheme!

        • Rhys says:

          That’ll cover my student loan nicely 😉

          • Chrish says:

            Rhys, Ask Rob to get his loan from government, give it to you lol
            You put it in bank, pay off your student loan with the interest generated
            Give Rob the loan back winners all round well would be almost perfect might need a lot of tweaking lol

        • Lady London says:

          ? which scheme is this?

          I can’t see this QE working out well.

          • Rob says:

            This is the revised version of the small business lending scheme. The Government is now giving a 100% guarantee to the banks, instead of just an 80% guarantee, so you get the money simply by asking. No guarantees, no indemnity, no need to prove anything except your turnover. Apparently the form is only 2 sides of A4 and you get the money within 72 hours. 0% interest for 12 months.

          • Lady London says:

            Seriously? Can sole Director Ltd’s pile all over this?

            We’re all gonna be st*ffed by the consequences of this. Do even if not needed, would be stupid not to partake. We’re getting sh****d anyway.

            I cannot, cannot believe the UK Govt us doing this.

          • Rob says:

            Yes. £50k or 25% of turnover, whichever is smaller.

          • Lady London says:

            B****er. My turnover’s been cr”p in the past year. Grrrr because I shall end up paying the cost of everyone’s snout in the trough anyway.

          • Rob says:

            I think the new sub £50k loans override this.

    • Charlieface says:

      Considering student loans get wiped at 40 years for most people, the interest rate is irrelevant. Much more egregious is gov guaranteeing bank loans and not asking banks to hold down those rates

      • Dominic says:

        I suspect that, given the readership that Rob states this website gets, that 40 year wipe guarantee really isn’t that wonderful.

        I feel incredibly privileged to have a good opportunity to pay back around £85,000 on my initial £47,000 student debt…

      • Keiths says:

        30 years, not 40.
        The interest rate is the fly in the ointment because of the compounding issue.
        A lower interest rate may see some of the loans paid back sooner rather than never being paid back.
        I am fully aware that the repayments are based on what you earn (9% of anything over income of £26,575), but the compound interest means many will never repay it as the interest may be more than the repayment amounts.
        Why it is inflation PLUS means there is a potential profit for the lender

        • Brian W says:

          When I finished Uni in Glasgow the ones back then were wiped on 25 years (95-99).

    • Nathan says:

      When one compares apples to caviar, as opposed to other apples, there will be some identifiable discrepancies arise. You’re forgetting that a student loan is personal debt, not corporate, and that SLC is not a National Government.
      SLC is a private company with a largely captive audience and no real market risk; it can, therefore, charge what it sees fit in theory but for the legislated cap in place. If you think, or thought, it was a bad product then there were/are others out there for you to purchase. Try comparing SLC rates to those of a CDL from, say, Barclays :O

      • EwanG says:

        SLC is not a private company – it is a non-profit Government owned company and Non-Departmental Public Body, so yes does come under UK National Government.
        Although more closely aligned, comparing SLC vs CDL in terms of volume, target, timescales, rate, risk etc is also not comparing like with like either!

    • Spaghetti Town says:

      Just don’t go to university. Problem solved.

      • Lady London says:

        Or do it somewhere else. After migrating to Scotland which, IIRC obscurely, gets you reciprocal no fees in a lot of decent countries.

        • Cal says:

          That was due to EU law stating that EU students have to be charged the same as ‘home’ students. So as an example a Swedish studen studying in Scotland would be charged the same as a Scottish Student. English students could go study in Denmark or Germany for the same price, free, as Danes and Germans though.

          This will obviously be ending after Brexit.

          • Rhys says:

            English students studying in Scotland, of course, have to pay the full £9k!

          • Lady London says:

            Thank heavens. For a moment there I thought Prince William might have got off lightly at At Andrews.

            Standard of education seems much higher in Scotland than England anyway.

          • EwanG says:

            @LL. I suspect you are probably referring to the standard of higher education. Primary and secondary education can be summarised as fact and fiction.

        • J says:

          British, including English students don’t pay in Germany, Nordics, Netherlands etc (or in case of latter pay the same as other Dutch/ EU students which isn’t a lot). Sad that future generations in UK won’t have the same opportunities to study in other European countries – of course it’ll still be possible but will almost certainly be harder/more expensive.

          • Lady London says:

            Their students didn’t pay in England, though, did they? Whereas British (English) students did?

          • Rhys says:

            European students have to pay at English universities, but not Scottish ones. I believe they’re entitled to the same student loan, although they are not entitled to the maintenance loan.

          • Spaghetti Town says:

            oh well. They’ll survive.

  • Nick says:

    The key element that Rob has missed is that at least part of Wizzair is British. Wizz Air UK has a UK AOC, with British registered aircraft. No different from easyJet, which is now split between the UK and Austria.

    • David says:

      I dont think he missed it – he wrote “Whilst its head office and management team are based in Budapest, Wizz Air is listed on the London Stock Exchange because its domestic stock market is too small and illiquid. It also has a UK operating subsidiary which is the legal operator of the ten aircraft it bases in the UK.”

    • Spaghetti Town says:

      TBF it’s not a free hand out. We’ll get the money back over time.

      I now think Virgin should get some sort of financial support, more for the staff than anything. How we go about arranging guarantees on that I don’t really know.

      • Jayne says:

        +1

      • AJA says:

        @ Spaghetti Town Has Virgin furloughed its staff? If so it is getting government support of 80% of salary costs up to £2,500.

        The problem Virgin has is that it did not have tradeable debt so can’t avail itself of this particular scheme as EasyJet and Wizz have done. That is unfortunate for Virgin.

    • Lady London says:

      Why Austria?

      • J says:

        In case of a no deal Brexit?

      • Heathrow Flyer says:

        Austria was also seen as having a ‘friendly’ CAA equivalent and was on-board with the idea of essentially operating a virtual Austrian airline. I believe the tax structure of charging easyJet Europe Airline GmbH for services provided also worked well.

        The other contender was Portugal, however one of the stumbling points of using this country was all signage on board had to be bilingual – every tray table would have had to say LIFE VEST UNDER SEAT etc in Portuguese as well as English. For the Austrian AOC the aircraft could stay as they were except for a different reg and new brass plaque.

  • Will says:

    A note on the debt, aren’t the Bank of England printing the money to lend the government at 0.1%?

    Why didn’t we think of running banks like this all along, I’m sure nothing can go wrong with this plan.

    • Riccatti says:

      Interestingly enough, nothing will.

      Government is the kind of lender you are likely to repay (unlike ‘a predator bank’). Plus there is also be a carrot of more funding/tax incentives/Entrepreneurship/R&D schemes which you can’t take part if you don’t repay.

      • will says:

        Call me a cynic, and I’m not suggesting wizz air are going to do this, but if your company was going to fold anyway but qualified for a 100% government backed loan, you might take it, continue to pay high salary/bonus/pensions until the pot was then dry and then fold blaming Covid-19.

        You won’t be concerned with partaking in other government schemes, just keep it going long enough to get your personal affairs and that of the board in order.

        Taxpayer covers some mortgage payments and pension contributions for very wealthy people yet again to reward failure.

        The no strings attached and no guarantees attached terrifies me. At least force the board of directors to waive all remunerations until the loan is repaid, there has to be some accountability else it will be carnage.

        • Riccatti says:

          Those large £100+ million loans come with guarantee, default on them (to Government) likely to trigger clause (covenant) in all other debt — the creditors get right to recall all of it. Essentially you instantly lose the business.

          Government also can impound airplanes and get real cooperation from other governments in that.

        • Riccatti says:

          Carnage happens the other way so far.

          Financial regulators insisted that banks withhold the scheduled dividends this year — and so, all those individual investors, pension funds, insurance funds have not received a significant cashflow.

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